(2933) Proposal to reject the name <i>Callitriche spuria</i> ( <i>Plantaginaceae</i> )

(2933) Callitriche spuria Raf. in Med. Repos., ser. 2, 5: 354. Mai 1808 [Angiosp.: Callitrich. / Plantagin.], nom. rej. prop. Lectotypus (hic designatus): “in Americâ Septentrionali, Ubiq. a Canadâ ad Carolinam”, Michaux (P barcode P00322495!). This proposal is part of complete revision the L. names published or treated by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque (1783–1840) (Hassemer & Lansdown, prep.). (in 1808) was validly through statement “which call. verna Mich.”, referring to treatment C. (Fl. Suec., ed. 2: 2. 1755) Bor.-Amer. 1: 1803). Since no further information provided protologue, determination identity name dependent on Michaux's (l.c.) verna. For his “Callitriche verna”, scant morphological (“foliis superioribus spathulato-obovalibus; inferioribus linearibus: floribus omnibus hermaphroditis”) and provenance as “ubique Canada Carolinam”. No specimens illustrations were cited. It should be noted that legitimate, heterotypic synonym palustris (Sp. Pl.: 969. 1753), common species very widely distributed subtropical boreal areas Northern Hemisphere (Lansdown Jarvis Taxon 53: 169–172. 2004; Lansdown Watsonia 26: 110–111. 2006; Novon 16: 357–360. Eur.: 124–130. 2008; Hassemer Phytotaxa 547: 298. 2022). Nevertheless, despite fact determined element upon which described spuria, latter not uncritically linked because are homotypic, it possible erred when he North American plants question The for verna” insufficient link entity single species. However, we have been able locate specimen (P00322495), originally from Herbarium, unquestionably original material spuria. sheet has nine mounted it, morphologically considerably uniform, seemingly belonging same population. In absence any other extant (specimens illustrations; see Art. 9.4 ICN; Turland al. Regnum Veg. 159. 2018) material, designate here this lectotype accordance 9.3 9.12 ICN. P00322495 belongs heterophylla Pursh Amer. Sept. 3. 1813), Americas, particularly America (Fassett Rhodora 172–182, t. 1168. 1951; Deschamp Cooke J. Bot. 72: 1377–1387. 1985; 501: 98–99, fig. 1[k]. 2021). precedes five years, thus having priority correct adoption currently called would extremely disruptive nomenclatural stability. used taxonomic literature than protologue (Rafinesque, l.c. subsequent mention 3, 408. 1811). presented an “unplaced name” Plants World Online (https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:430044-1). By contrast, unequivocal consistently accepted since 1813 (e.g., Pursh, l.c.; Engelmann Gray, Manual, 429. 1867; Small, Fl. S.E. U.S., 723. 1913; Fassett, Bacigalupo Darwiniana 22: 384–385, 3[a–i]. 1979; Cooke, Sheath Hydrobiologia 140: 183–191. 1986; Philbrick Hickman, Jepson Man.: 458. 1993; Rolfsmeier Trans. Nebraska Acad. Sci. 25: 15–22. 1999; Les Aquatic 68: 123–141. 2000; Kelly 90: 1131–1143. 2003; 19: 364–365. 2009; Ramos Revista Ci. Desarrollo 4: 73–82. 2013; Alexander Calochortiana 3: 94. 2016; FNA Ed. Comm., N. Mexico 17: 49–54. 2019; Hassemer, l.c.). Therefore, with objective preventing change evidently disadvantageous stability, 56 ICN, proposed rejection. Acceptance allow continue Rejection mean replace heterophylla. GH, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4365-6934 RVL, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0984-4552 We grateful Cécile Aupic (Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle) her help access specimens, John McNeill (Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh) improving proposal.